How to Design Theater Seating, Shown Through 21 Detailed Example Layouts (2024)

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  • Written by Sharon Lam

Audience sightlines, accessibility and acoustics all make theater seating a hugely precise art. As part of their set of online resources for architects and designers, the team at Theatre Solutions Inc (TSI) have put together a catalog of 21 examples of theater seating layouts. Each layout is well detailed, with information on the number of seats, the floor seating area and row spacing. These layouts fall under three general forms; to supplement this information, alongside TSI's diagrams we've included the pros and cons of each type, as well as examples of projects which use each format. Read on for more.

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1. End Stage

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

In the End Stage form, the entire audience faces the stage in the same direction. Sightlines are kept simple, making these layoutsperfect for lectures, films and slide-based presentations. Theyalso fit well into conventional rectangular plans.

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

However, End Stages arenot overly successful at creating a close relationship between performer and spectator. Theatres in this form also can’t be too large due to acoustic limits.

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Examples:

The Blyth Perfoming Arts Centre / Stevens Lawson Architects

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The Blyth Performing Arts Centre / Stevens Lawson Architects. Image © Mark Smith

Theatre Agora / UNStudio

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Theatre Agora / UNStudio. Image © Iwan Baan

Municipal Theatre of Guarda / AVA Architects

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Municipal Theater of Guarda / AVA Architects. Image

2. Wide Fan

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

In this form, theatre seats are placed within a 130-degree angle of inclusion. This brings in the audience closer to the performer, establishing a more intimate experience.

Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

This angling also means that the form is better geared towards speech-related performances. Film presentations would be trickier in these spaces, with screens requiring proper positioning – perhaps further back fromthe stage, to compensate for seats that find their sightlines distorted.

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

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Examples:

National Grand Theatre of China / Paul Andreu

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National Grand Theater of China / Paul Andreu

Ulumbarra Theatre / Y2 Architecture

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Ulumbarra Theatre / Y2 Architecture. Image © Peter Clarke

Limoges Concert Hall / Bernard Tschumi Architects

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Limoges Concert Hall. Image Courtesy of Bernard Tschumi Architects

3. ¾ Arena

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

¾ arenas see a 180-270-degree angle of inclusion. Hearing and visual contact between spectator and performer is improved, and as audience members can see each other when facing ahead, the sense of inclusion is increased even more.

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

However, conventional film presentations are almost impossible and would require an alternative screen layout, such as a number of smaller screens arranged throughout the space.

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Courtesy of Theatre Solutions Inc.

Examples:

Han Show Theatre / Stufish Entertainment Architects

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Han Show Theatre / Stufish Entertainment Architects. Image via Stufish Entertainment Architects

Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre / REX + OMA

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Dee and Charles Wyly Theatre / REX + OMA. Image © Iwan Baan

Hardelot Theatre / Studio Andrew Todd

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Hardelot Theatre / Studio Andrew Todd. Image © Martin Argyroglo

4. Other Layout Options

While the above three tend to be the most common forms of seating layout, they are by no means the only ones. Further options include Arena seating where the audience wraps around the stage a full 360 degrees, common for extra-large theaters like the Royal Albert Hall, and the Vineyard style where seats are arranged in cascades of mini-blocks of varying levels, including the rear of the stage, as seen in the Hamburg Elbphilharmonie.

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Or even more differently, Bijlmer Park Theatre is a hybrid between End Stage and ¾ Arena, with flexible pull-out seating turning it from one to another, while The Wave’s seating takes after its namesake.

For more detail on designing auditoriums, including info such as seat spacing and the slope of the auditorium, check out TSI's comprehensive article here.

Originally published on November 16th, 2016; updated on November 4th, 2019.

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NewsArticlesArenaNewsSeatingAuditoriumAcoustic ComfortTheater

Cite: Sharon Lam. "How to Design Theater Seating, Shown Through 21 Detailed Example Layouts" 27 Nov 2019. ArchDaily. Accessed . <https://www.archdaily.com/799379/how-to-design-theater-seating-shown-through-21-detailed-example-layouts&gt ISSN 0719-8884

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How to Design Theater Seating, Shown Through 21 Detailed Example Layouts (41)

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How to Design Theater Seating, Shown Through 21 Detailed Example Layouts (2024)

FAQs

How to design theatre seating? ›

In theater, sightlines concern the visibility of the stage. Ideally, you want to create an auditorium layout which seats multiple rows of people with no obstructions, so that audiences can easily see. The line of sight from the highest seats in a venue, usually the balcony, to the auditorium stage or screen.

What is the layout style seating in theatre? ›

Theater style seating is an arrangement of chairs in rows, arcs or circles that all face the same direction in the venue space. There are no tables, desks, or additional furniture used in theater style seating.

What is theatre layout? ›

Nowadays, the term is more loosely used to describe any theatre where the audience is only facing the stage straight-on. To allow for 'wings' at the side of the stage. As such, the Theatre Seating is often flat since the stage is raised up, and goes upwards into circles and balconies.

What is seating design? ›

Seating is a broad term used to describe furniture designed to allow people to sit or recline. Most types of seating include a horizontal seat (or seat pan), a form of upright back support and legs or some other support device attached to the underside of the seat pan.

How do you organize a seating arrangement? ›

Chairs should never be set directly under the table. Set chairs approximately 2″ away from the table to allow maximum seating. Always allow a minimum of 24″ for an aisle between chairs when setting several tables in an area. Setting tables approximately 54″ – 60″ from each other will allow aisle space.

How to solve the seating arrangement questions? ›

Tip # 1: A triangle has 3 corners and three sides, so three persons can sit at these corners and they are facing either the center or the direction opposite to the center. Tip # 2: If A is three people away from B is given then 3 – 1 = 2 people will sit between them.

What are the 3 main sections of seating in the theater? ›

There are typically three sections to a Broadway theatre seating chart – Orchestra, Mezzanine, and Balcony.

How to design auditorium seating? ›

Create a staggered layout – so each audience member can view the stage from the gap between the two people sitting in front of them. This layout is normally used in venues with a sloped floor, as there is no concern about the gap to be left between the end seat and the aisle.

What are the steps in the design process in theater? ›

If you connect to your own emotions, so will the audience better connect your designs to their emotions.
  1. Commitment. Commitment should always be the first step in any process. ...
  2. Analysis. Usually when designing for the stage, designers work from a script. ...
  3. Research. ...
  4. Incubation. ...
  5. Selection. ...
  6. Implementation. ...
  7. Evaluation.
Mar 2, 2023

What is the design element of theater? ›

The principles of theatrical design are used together to create an atmosphere on the stage that is appealing to audiences. Study these principles which include the set, costumes, lighting, and sound design.

How big is a 200 seat theatre? ›

Auditorium Dimensions & Layout

Dimensions can get tricky, but a good rule of thumb is arranging the size of the auditorium around the type of performance and the number of audience members you plan to seat: 200 seats: 270m² | 2,900 ft2. 150 seats: 190m² | 2,000 ft2.

What is the best theatre format? ›

As such, IMAX, ScreenX, and Dolby Cinema are your premium choices. If you're not sure which, I'd always default to IMAX, but ScreenX is the format that makes me intrigued to go check out the movie again for that additional width – especially if the director himself has given it the nod.

What are the 4 major design categories in theatre? ›

Every theatre is unique, but, with few exceptions, theatres, both Western and Asian, can be categorized into four basic forms: arena stage theatres (also referred to as theatre-in-the-round); thrust stage (or open stage) theatres; end stage theatres (of which proscenium theatres are a subset); and flexible stage ...

What is a theatre seating area called? ›

The auditorium (also known as the house) is where the audience sits to watch the performance. The seating may be at one or more levels depending on the size and type of theatre.

What are the measurements for a theatre seat? ›

A seating depth of 40-50 cm is sufficient for an average adult. Seating Height: It is the distance between the floor and the seating surface of the seat. This precaution should ensure that the seated person's feet touch the ground. For an average adult, a seat height of 40-45 cm is sufficient.

How do I make my room look like a theater? ›

How do I turn my living room into a home theater?
  1. Paint some walls darker.
  2. Move the furniture, so the seats are front-and-centered, facing the TV.
  3. Install dimming lights or choose the right lighting.
  4. Hang light-blocking drapes.
  5. Use a wall mount to set the TV.

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